Frowned upon: exporting of national artifacts by travelers. Illegal: the removal by archaeologists and scientists of artifacts of national importance with the intent of keeping the original permanently. Arrangements are usually made for examination by the discoverer for a limited period, after which a “cast” or facsimile is made, and the original returned to the country from which it came.
In situ finds are rather simple to manage. Then there is Maud… The battle over the ownership of Maud, Roald Amundsen‘s ship that is grounded in Cambridge Bay illustrates the dilemma of exploration. Amundsen was Norwegian, exploring Canada‘s North in the early 1900s. Who owns the rights to Maud, a century later? Norwegians? Canadians?
Current practice supports the repatriation of the bones of the ancestors of indigenous peoples. Does current practice apply to the bones of a ship?
The resolution of this dispute will be interesting. Perhaps international law is already on the side of the Norwegians?